Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu has its unique language, filled with terms that may seem confusing to beginners. But once you understand these terms, you will feel more comfortable in class and on the mats. Here are a few key BJJ terms explained:
Guard
The guard is a position where one person is on their back, but still controlling their opponent with their legs. There are different types of guard, like closed guard (where the legs are locked around your opponent) and open guard(where the legs are not locked, allowing for more movement). Mastering guard is essential for both defense and attack in BJJ.
Mount
The mount is when you are on top of your opponent, sitting on their waist with your knees on the mat. This position is dominant because you control the opponent and can create submissions or strikes.
Tap Out
Tapping out means submitting in BJJ. When someone is caught in a submission hold, like an armbar or choke, they ‘tap’ by tapping their opponent, the mat, or their body. Tapping signifies surrender, showing they cannot escape and that the submission is effective.
Submission
A submission is a technique used to force your opponent into a position where they have no choice but to tap out. Common submissions include the armbar, triangle choke, and kimura.
Sweeps
Sweeps are techniques used from the bottom position to reverse the situation and move into a more dominant position, like the top guard or mount.
Pass the Guard
“Passing the guard” refers to the act of getting past your opponent’s legs while they’re in a guard position, and establishing a more dominant position, such as side control or mount. Passing the guard is a crucial skill because it transitions you from being in a defensive position (in their guard) to a more offensive one (on top).
Back Control
Back control occurs when you’re on your opponent’s back, usually with your hooks (legs) in and controlling their upper body. This is one of the most dominant positions in BJJ, as it gives you access to several powerful submissions like the rear-naked choke. Controlling your opponent’s back puts immense pressure on them and limits their ability to escape.
Sprawl
Sprawl is a defensive move used to counter takedowns. When an opponent attempts to shoot for your legs to bring you down to the mat, you sprawl by pushing your hips down toward the mat, spreading your legs wide, and driving your weight onto their shoulders. This prevents the opponent from completing the takedown and helps you maintain a dominant standing position.
By familiarizing yourself with these common terms, you’ll feel more confident and engaged in your BJJ training. Understanding the language of BJJ is the first step to mastering the art!
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